Diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas: menu for a week, a day.TOP 33 food products

Inflammation of the pancreas is a common disease that affects approximately 9 million people worldwide.Most often, pancreatitis develops in the prime of life, between the ages of 30 and 40.Why does the pancreas become inflamed, how is pancreatitis treated and how should the diet be changed?

Inflammation of the pancreas: causes and consequences.

Most often, inflammation of the pancreas or pancreatitis develops as a result of alcohol abuse or gallstone disease.Less commonly, the causes of the inflammatory process are injuries, infections (including cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B, herpes simplex virus, mycoplasmosis, salmonellosis, leptospirosis), tumors and other pathologies.In addition, it has been established that acute pancreatitis can also develop due to elevated levels of lipids or calcium in the blood.Smoking also increases the risks.

The likelihood of developing pancreatitis also increases when treated with certain medications, particularly statins (which lower blood cholesterol levels), ACE inhibitors (hypotensives), oral contraceptives, valproic acid and others.

There are two types of pancreatitis: acute and chronic.

Acute inflammation is characterized by pronounced symptoms:

• Severe pain in the left hypochondrium, radiating to the lower back or surrounding it;
• Fever;
• Nausea, vomiting.

Chronic pancreatitis occurs more mildly;Most often patients complain of discomfort in the left half of the abdomen, nausea, weight loss, fatty stools and diarrhea.

The complications and prognosis of pancreatitis largely depend on its type and severity.In acute conditions, shock, dehydration, increased blood glucose levels, and kidney failure may develop.Sometimes acute pancreatitis causes damage to the respiratory system.

Among late complications, the most dangerous is necrosis (cell death) of the gland.Additionally, chronic pancreatitis is known to increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer.

Treatment of pancreatitis: the main thing is diet!

Treatment of pancreatic inflammation depends on its severity.Analgesics are used to relieve pain.In case of dehydration, rehydration therapy is prescribed, and antibiotics are sometimes used in acute pancreatitis.However, the main role in the treatment of pancreatitis is played by diet, which depends on the type of inflammation and its severity.

Diet for acute pancreatitis is the key to recovery and minimization of consequences.As a rule, until the condition improves, fasting is recommended, that is, the complete exclusion of both food and drink.To restore the water-salt balance, solutions of sodium chloride and others are administered intravenously."Starvation" tactics are due to the fact that when food enters the digestive tract, the pancreas begins to produce digestive enzymes and this, in turn, can lead to an exacerbation of pain and a deterioration in the general condition of the patient.

However, recent research suggests that early initiation of nutrition in moderate acute pancreatitis may be safe and may improve treatment outcomes.Of course, dietary restrictions must be observed, as is the case with chronic inflammation of the pancreas.

Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis can lead to the development of multiple organ failure and other serious complications.The patient is necessarily hospitalized in a hospital, most often in the intensive care unit, where he is prescribed complex treatment.In severe acute pancreatitis, the patient receives nutrition parenterally, that is, with the help of drugs administered intravenously.

Treatment of chronic pancreatitis is based mainly on strict compliance with the diet.

Why follow a diet for pancreatitis?

The main goals of dietary restrictions for pancreatic inflammation include:

• Prevent nutrient deficiencies;
• Maintain normal glycemic levels (excluding hyper or hypoglycemia);
• Compensation for diseases that often accompany chronic pancreatitis: diabetes, kidney dysfunction and others;
• Prevention of episodes of acute pancreatitis.

The menu for pancreatitis is selected in such a way that it includes foods that are easily broken down and digested and require a minimum amount of digestive enzymes.Additionally, foods should not increase blood glucose levels.

Diet for pancreatitis: what to eat when the pancreas is inflamed

The main changes in diet that patients with pancreatitis should follow:

1. Stop smoking.Smoking contributes to the deterioration of pancreatic function and also increases the risk of developing cancer.
2. Consume at least 5-6 times a day in small portions.
3. Maintain hydration: drink at least 2 liters of water a day (tea, juices, water, compotes are allowed for pancreatitis).

The basis of the diet that patients with chronic pancreatitis should follow is to maintain protein levels (usually 100-120 g per day), drastically limit the fat content (from 60-70 g per day to 30 g in some cases), as well as exclude from the diet foods rich in substances that stimulate the secretion of pancreatic juice.In addition, it is important to reduce carbohydrate intake to 250-300 g per day and, above all, simple and "heavy" carbohydrates: sugar, white flour.If a patient has diabetes, doctors sometimes recommend completely eliminating simple carbohydrates from the diet for a certain period of time.

In cases where a person loses weight, a high-calorie diet may be prescribed, up to 5000 calories per day.

Diet or Table No. 5 for pancreatitis.

In medicine, patients with pancreatitis are prescribed table number 5p according to the classification of the therapist, one of the leading scientists in the field of nutrition.He is the author of a system of dietary nutrition that includes 15 regimens that are prescribed for certain diseases during periods of exacerbation and remission.

Table No. 5a is designed for patients with chronic pancreatitis.Main characteristics of this modality:

• Caloric intake no more than 2000 calories per day (reduced);
• Carbohydrates, mainly complex, 200 grams;
• Proteins 100-120 grams;
• Fats no more than 80 grams, including 30% animal fat;
• Liquid 1.5-2 liters per day.

Table No. 5a implies limiting both plant and animal products that stimulate the activity of the pancreas.

What not to eat if you have pancreatitis

• Fried;
• Spices, smoked meats;
• Alcohol;
• fatty meat;
• Vegetables rich in fiber: beans, radishes, turnips, garlic;
• Frozen;
• Products that can provoke the development of allergies;
• Flour products made with top quality flours (pastas, white bread, butter pastries, puff pastries);
• Trans fats (margarine), including in confectionery products;
• Mayonnaise;
• Dishes in fast food restaurants.

Also, the category of prohibited foods for pancreatitis includes green onions, sorrel, mushrooms, liver, hot spices: horseradish, pepper, mustard, nibble, cocoa, coffee, chocolate, tomato juice, fried eggs.

Given the emphasis on low fat intake, some foods can be consumed in strictly limited quantities.

Therefore, you should eat no more than 50-70 g of butter per day, eggs (in the form of an omelet, steamed or boiled) no more than 2-3 times a week, cheese in small quantities, not spicy and preferably low-fat.It is better to satisfy the need for fats with foods rich in omega-3 acids: herring, red fish, salmon caviar.The amount of salt consumed should be reduced to 10 g per day.

Products allowed for consumption for pancreatitis according to table No. 5a include:

• Low-fat or skim dairy products;
• Boiled, baked and stewed lean meats (veal, veal, turkey, chicken, rabbit);
• Fish;
• Vegetables and fruits (except legumes, green vegetables);
• Sauerkraut;
• Vegetable soups;
• Cereals, also in the form of flakes;
• Honey, jam, jelly;
• Yesterday's rye bread;
• Baked goods made from grade 1-2 flour are not tasty.Possibly filled with cottage cheese, boiled fish, lean meat, apples;
• crackers;
• Cookie.

Mediterranean diet for pancreatitis

In the West, the above dietary classification is rarely used.For pancreatitis, many doctors recommend using the so-called Mediterranean diet, considered one of the most effective in reducing the risk of many diseases, including cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases.

The Mediterranean diet includes foods consumed by residents of Italy, Greece, and Cyprus.The basis of the diet is plant foods: vegetables, fruits, whole grains.

Saturated animal fats (including those found in full-fat dairy products and meat) are replaced by unsaturated fats, found primarily in olive oil.

The amount of salt is reduced to a minimum, replacing it with spices or herbs.They also limit the consumption of red meat: it is not eaten more than several times a month.The need for fat and protein is satisfied with poultry, fish and shellfish, which are consumed at least twice a week.

The Mediterranean diet used for chronic pancreatitis necessarily includes low-fat yogurts and cheeses, as well as cereals, including whole grains.

Diet for pancreatitis: for a day, for a week.

Now let's move from theory to practice and try to create menu options and find out if it is possible to include fruits, vegetables and other products in the diet for pancreatitis.

The daily diet of a patient with chronic pancreatitis should include:

• 250-300 g of whole grain products;
• Two medium-sized fruits;
• About 800 g of various vegetables;
• 15 grams of walnuts;
• 150 grams of animal protein (fish);
• 250 ml or 60 grams of skimmed dairy products.

The weekly menu for pancreatitis should contain:

• three portions of sea fish;
• No more than two servings of beef or young lamb;
• Three servings of eggs, preferably in an omelet;
• Three to four servings of chicken or turkey;
• Three to four servings of nuts or seeds;
• One or two servings of sweets (nuts, complex carbohydrates);
• Four to six servings of legumes.

The last point is questionable among some experts.So, table No. 5a excludes legumes from the diet for chronic pancreatitis.However, due to the high content of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable proteins, minerals and vitamins in these products, many gastroenterologists believe that beans, lentils and peas should be an indispensable component of the diet for pancreatitis in remission.

Leading products for pancreatitis

The 8 best fruits

1. Blackberry.Berries rich in vitamins C, K, B vitamins, manganese, copper, potassium and other nutrients.
2. Cherry.Low calorie fruit that contains many nutrients.Recommended for inclusion in the diet if necessary to reduce body weight.Helps reduce the severity of inflammatory processes and improve sleep.
3. Watermelon.It contains vital vitamins, including group B, ascorbic acid, as well as minerals (potassium, magnesium, manganese and others).
4. Prunes.It has a low glycemic index, helps reduce the level of “bad” cholesterol in the blood and improves digestion.One of the ideal fruits to include in a diet for pancreatitis.
5. Red grapes.The polyphenols it contains help control body weight and prevent the development of obesity, as well as type 2 diabetes. It can be included in the diet as part of a salad containing grapes, boiled chicken and walnuts.
6. Mango.It contains healthy fiber, vitamin C, macro and microelements and, above all, iron, calcium, potassium and magnesium.Helps normalize blood glucose and control blood sugar levels.Mango is included in recipes for various dietary salads that can be consumed for pancreatitis.
7. Apples.They are high in fiber and help reduce inflammation and normalize digestion.Useful both baked and fresh.
8. Grenade.Pomegranate contains a lot of fiber, potassium, iron, vitamins C and K.

The 7 best vegetables for chronic pancreatitis

1. Beet.Source of vitamins and minerals, rich in fiber.It helps to normalize digestion, improve the functioning of the hepatobiliary tract and the heart.
2. Broccoli.A unique vegetable, one of the few sources of folic acid.Just one cup of boiled broccoli contains a daily dose of ascorbic acid and vitamin K. It prevents the development of cancerous tumors.Normalizes digestion.
3. Spinach.It improves the body's immune response, helps normalize blood glucose and prevents the development of cancer.

Ideal as part of a salad with mango and walnut grains.

4. Curly cabbage.It reduces the severity of inflammation, promotes the elimination of toxins and prevents the development of cancerous tumors.
5. Salads.As part of a pancreatitis diet, various green salads can be used.It is better to choose dark leafy salads, as they contain more vitamins and microelements.
6. Sweet potato.Rich in vitamins A, C, B6, B12, as well as minerals, especially calcium, magnesium and iron.It can be consumed raw, boiled or baked.
7. Carrot.One of the main sources of beta-carotene.Helps improve digestion and immune response.As part of the pancreatitis diet, you can consume raw carrots, boiled carrots, and carrot juice.

The 6 best cereals for pancreatitis

According to studies, the content of whole grains in the diet should be increased during inflammation of the pancreas, as they have a beneficial effect on the state of the organ.

1. brown riceBy substituting traditional white rice for it, you can reduce your risk of developing diabetes by up to 15% or more.Rich in fiber and manganese, these cereals are high in calories, so portion sizes should be controlled when consuming them.
2. Buckwheat.Rich in protein, antioxidants and fiber, buckwheat is very digestible.Recommended as part of dietary nutrition, including for pancreatitis.
3. Corn grits.The fine grits (polenta) settle well.Gluten free.
4. Darling.High in fiber and gluten free.Well absorbed.It contains a number of nutrients, including B vitamins, vitamin E, calcium, zinc, iodine, magnesium, as well as protein and starch.
5. Teph.It is a cereal widely used in Ethiopia and is rich in iron.Helps reduce body weight, improve immune defenses and digestion.You can use teff flour to make flatbreads, porridge, and other dishes as part of a pancreatitis diet.
6. Amaranth.Rich in fiber, proteins and microelements.Gluten free.It helps improve digestion, reduce inflammation and reduce the risk of developing diabetes.It is recommended to replace oats, white rice and pasta made with premium flour with amaranth.

The 5 best nuts and seeds for the anti-pancreatitis diet

1. Almonds.Rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals, nuts help control blood sugar and promote weight loss.However, you must take into account its calorie content and do not consume more than one serving a day.
2. Walnuts.They contain beneficial omega-3 acids and help maintain healthy blood vessels, heart and brain.They have a high calorie content.
3. Sunflower seeds.Source of B vitamins, vitamin E, as well as magnesium and the famous antioxidant selenium.It provides the body with fatty acids and essential amino acids.Additionally, like the previous two products, they are high in calories.
4. Pumpkin seeds.Contains healthy unsaturated fats and fiber.As part of a pancreatitis diet, it can be used in salads or simply mixed with low-fat yogurt.
5. Pistachios.It helps reduce “bad” cholesterol levels and helps reduce body weight.It is recommended to consume in small quantities due to its high calorie content.

The 4 main sources of protein

1. Bird.Chicken and turkey are some of the best sources of protein.In order not to increase the calorie content of this dietary meat, it is better to steam, bake or boil it.

2. Fish and shellfish.The most valuable are red fish: salmon, pink salmon and trout, rich in omega-3 essential fatty acids, which contribute to the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system and the brain.
3. Eggs.Rich in proteins and amino acids.As part of a diet for pancreatitis, it is recommended to use it for baking diet foods (for example, pancakes), as well as for preparing omelettes.
4. Legumes.Sources of protein, vegetable fiber.Due to their low fat content, they are suitable for use in the diet for pancreatitis.Helps control blood glucose levels and promotes weight loss.Some legumes, such as lentils, contain an enzyme produced by the pancreas to break down fats: lipase.

Product List: Top 3 Fat Sources for Pancreatitis

1. Greek yogurt.It is recommended to choose low-fat or fat-free varieties that do not contain sugar or sweeteners.Thanks to the content of beneficial bacteria, it helps to normalize intestinal function and increase the immune response.
2. Cottage cheese.A source of calcium, vitamin B and low-fat cottage cheese is an invariable component of the pancreatitis diet.It can be consumed with nuts and fruits.

3. Kefir.It has a high content of lacto and bifidobacteria, helps improve intestinal function, normalizes the immune response and also replenishes calcium and protein reserves.It is recommended to use low-fat kefir.

Vitamins and minerals

In chronic pancreatitis, the absorption of nutrients in the intestine may be impaired and metabolic processes may also be activated, increasing the risk of vitamin and mineral deficiency.To monitor the condition of patients, the doctor may periodically order laboratory tests to determine the level of vital nutrients.Depending on your results, along with a specialized diet for chronic pancreatitis, multivitamins and minerals in medications may be recommended.